Tuesday, 15 May 2018

Week 6 [14-05 - 20-05-2018] What is quantum computing?

Hello everyone,
I have found information obout quantum computing, because I very like to distributed computing and I want to use quantum computing to solve problems?. Please read and watch films. The next share Your opinion about:
  1. What is quantum computing?
  2. How do quantum computers work?
  3. What can quantum computers do?
  4. What do You think about future quantum computers?
Quantum computing - use this link to open website.

30 comments:

  1. 1. What is quantum computing?\

    Quantum computing is computing using quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement. A quantum computer is a device that performs quantum computing. They are different from binary digital electronic computers based on transistors.

    2. How do quantum computers work?

    Quantum computing uses quantum bits, or 'qubits' instead. These are quantum systems with two states. However, unlike a usual bit, they can store much more information than just 1 or 0, because they can exist in any superposition of these values.

    3. What can quantum computers do?

    A primary application for quantum computing is artificial intelligence (AI). The information processing that it critical to improve machine learning is ideally suited to quantum computing. Another example is precision modeling of molecular interactions, finding the optimum configurations for chemical reactions. Coming full circle, a final application of this exciting new physics might be… studying exciting new physics. Models of particle physics are often extraordinarily complex, confounding pen-and-paper solutions and requiring vast amounts of computing time for numerical simulation. This makes them ideal for quantum computation, and researchers have already been taking advantage of this.

    4. What do You think about future quantum computers?

    While quantum computing is already impacting the fields listed above, the list is by no means exhaustive, and that’s the most exciting part. As with all new technology, presently unimaginable applications will be developed as the hardware continues to evolve and create new opportunities.

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    1. Thank You for Your answers. I agree with Your opinion about future quantum computing in particular: "...presently unimaginable applications will be developed as the hardware continues to evolve and create new opportunities."

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  2. Thank you for an interesting topic. Data in quantum computers are represented by the current quantum state. The basic elements of quantum computer construction are quantum logic gates. Significant quantum computers are to speed up calculations. When quantum computers appear, factorization won’t be a problem computationally difficult. This will contribute to the uselessness of the popular RSA encryption algorithms or its modification. Currently, it is difficult to predict when these computers will be used widespread but they will surely bring a new quality - especially important in research requiring big calculations.

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    1. Thank You for Your opinion. I think that with the increase in the computing power of quantum computers, RSA encryption will be replaced and a more complex type of encryption difficult even for quantum computing.

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  3. 1.What is quantum computing?
    And here is you answer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing I don't want to rewrite wikipedia so this will much more accure then I am and also there will be less grammar mistakes :D.

    2. How do quantum computers work?
    Answer is above or you can read Cezarys post :D.
    3. What can quantum computers do?
    Not so long time ago I was watching some documentary about programming languages and there was topic about quantum computers. Conclusion of this movie was that they can't do nothing for now (from user perspective of course).

    4. What do You think about future quantum computers?
    I don't think that near future will be bright, because most people like to web development and other stuff not related with this kind of inventions. We need to wait couple of years and we will see.

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    1. Thank You for Your opinion. I think You have a right with the near future of quantum computing. The most people haven't enough money for this type of computers. In my opinion research will be doing only special research centers with, in particular, huge financial resources.

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  4. Colleagues above have exhausted the answers to the first three questions, in my opinion. As for future computers, they will certainly be better than today because everything is growing. Their computing power will be much greater than those present. Besides, many organizations use scattered computers to perform various tasks, most often for decryption because here is a lot of computing power.

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    1. Thank You for Your answer. I agree with You with using to many organizasion scattered computers, because we have many unresolved problems with mathematics, medicine and other areas. I think the quantum computing hey will bring us closer to solutions.

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  5. What is quantum computing?
    How do quantum computers work?

    A quantum computer is a machine in which case quantum mechanics should be used to describe the principle of its operation. In a traditional computer, each value representing the processed data can be written using two digits: zero and one, ie in a binary system. In modern integrated circuits, these zeros and ones correspond to two distinguishable voltage values ​​on the transistors that make up the microprocessor. The computational process consists in such manipulation with transistor states included in the logic gates, in order to obtain a coded number, also in a zero-one manner, which will be the result of calculations.
    Quantum calculations must use the non-intuitive effects of quantum mechanics, such as: superposition of states, interference of probability amplitudes, quantum entanglement and quantum parallelism associated with amplifying the probability of a given result by performing other calculations. Secondly, quantum algorithms are probabilistic algorithms and are based on the probability distribution and evolution of the probability distribution over time. The obtained results are also a certain probability distribution. The most likely result is the one for which we received the highest probability density.

    What can quantum computers do?
    What do you think about future quantum computers?

    The biggest task facing quantum computers is the calculations related to the factorization of prime numbers, necessary for breaking any codes used to decrypt data.
    High hopes are associated with calculations related to chemistry leading to finding new drugs and weather calculations, which include changes taking place in the atmosphere globally, for the whole planet, which are difficult for modern computers.

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  6. 1. What is quantum computing?
    I will quote the words of a famous politician, Justin Trudeau (Prime Minister of Canada) "Normal computers work either thete`s power going through a wire or not: it`s one or a zero. They`re binary systems. What quantum states allow for is much more complex information to be encoded into a single bit. Regular computer bit is either o one or a zero.,on or off, a guatum state can be much more complex"
    2. How do quantum computers work?
    I described his work in the first question with Justin Trudeau =)
    3. What can quantum computers do?
    They can calculate more complex arrays of information and work faster for normal computers
    4. What do You think about future quantum computers?
    I think that someday progress will come to the extent that it will be a regular phenomenon proactically in everyone

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  7. As points 1 and 2 are nicely responded to, I'll get straight to 3 and 4: I also think that the most desired is the possibility to factor primes fast, in context of cryptography.
    There is whole branch of "post-quantum" cryptography, with researchers trying to came up with alternatives once classic cryptography will be rendered useless.

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  8. Questions 1,2 and 3 have received exhausted answers so I go straight to the point.

    What do You think about future quantum computers?

    They are using for complicated calculations so in the future they could be using to improve security e.g. improving cryptography methods.
    In the future we could find out other possibility for them to use. I think that when they will be more popular we will use them like commons computer now.

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  9. Ad1.
    The key features of an ordinary computer—bits, registers, logic gates, algorithms, and have analogous features in a quantum computer. Instead of bits, a quantum computer has quantum bits or qubits. There a bit can store either a zero or a 1, a qubit can store a zero, a one, both zero and one, or an infinite number of values in between—and be in multiple states (store multiple values) at the same time.
    AD2.
    A primary application for quantum computing is artificial intelligence (AI). AI is based on the principle of learning from experience. This feedback is based on calculating the probabilities for many possible choices, and so AI is an ideal candidate for quantum computation.

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  10. 1. What is quantum computing?

    Quantum computing is computing using quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement.

    2. How do quantum computers work?

    They are different from binary digital electronic computers based on transistors. Whereas common digital computing requires that the data be encoded into binary digits (bits), each of which is always in one of two definite states (0 or 1), quantum computation uses quantum bits, which can be in superpositions of states. A quantum Turing machine is a theoretical model of such a computer, and is also known as the universal quantum computer.

    3. What can quantum computers do?

    A quantum computer, although using different physical properties than classical computers, would not be able to solve a new class of problems. Any problem that can be solved by a quantum computer can be solved by a classical computer. However, due to the specific properties of quantum computers, some problems could be solved much more quickly, which in practice would significantly widen the scope of problems for which computers could be used. It can be used to divide numbers into prime factors, and thus to break the encryption currently used.

    4. What do You think about future quantum computers?

    It is such an advanced and unstable technology that I do not see it as a wider consumer application at the moment. However, it will be further developed and used by large research centres. Who knows in what direction they will be able to develop.

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  11. Artur, thank you for interesting topic.
    A quantum computer is a computer design which uses the principles of quantum physics to increase the computational power beyond what is attainable by a traditional computer. Quantum computing takes advantage of the strange ability of subatomic particles to exist in more than one state at any time. Instead of bits, which conventional computers use, a quantum computer uses quantum bits known as qubits. In classical computing, a bit is a single piece of information that can exist in two states – 1 or 0. Quantum computing uses quantum bits, or 'qubits' instead. However, unlike a usual bit, they can store much more information than just 1 or 0, because they can exist in any superposition of these values.
    To illustrate the difference how it works, it is useful to imagine a sphere. A bit can be at either of the two poles of the sphere, but a qubit can exist at any point on the sphere. So, this means that a computer using qubits can store an enormous amount of information and uses less energy doing so than a classical computer. By interacting with each other while being isolated from the external environment, qubits can perform certain calculations exponentially faster than conventional computers.
    Due to the way the tiniest of particles behave, operations can be done much more quickly and use less energy than classical computers. And as a result, by interacting with each other while being isolated from the external environment, qubits can perform certain calculations exponentially faster than conventional computers. Quantum computers operate on completely different principles to existing computers, which makes them really well suited to solving particular mathematical problems, like finding very large prime numbers. Since prime numbers are so important in cryptography, it’s likely that quantum computers would quickly be able to crack many of the systems that keep our online information secure.
    In my opinion, by entering into this quantum area of computing where the traditional laws of physics no longer apply, we will be able to create processors that are significantly faster (a million or more times) than the ones we use today. Sounds fantastic.
    Regards,
    Marta

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  12. Quantum computers use, well, quantum physics phenomena to process information. Thanks to than every bit can be in both states at once quantum computers can perform more operations than traditional computers.

    They could be used for some complex simulations or anything that need a lot computational power.

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  13. Quantum computing is an exciting idea which turns classical computational approach, based on binary state, to qubits. A qubit can represent not only 0-1 value but also any quantum superposition of those two values. As far as I am aware of, quantum computing is not introducing new classes problem solving, because every question which is being inputted for QC, could be solvable by classical computers, but in a much broader time span. I think that this kind of approach would have a significant impact on cybersecurity and cryptography. Right now, we are at the point, where everything just started to be available commercially (vide IBM) so I think that real-world applications would see the daylight as soon as it would be available for the broader public. Interesting fact: there is already open source quantum information software kit available (https://qiskit.org/).

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  14. 1. What is quantum computing?
    Quantum computing is computing using quantum machines. Everything was explained by my colleagues before.
    How do quantum computers work?
    Quantum computers' work is based on qubits, which operate according to two key principles of quantum physics: superposition and entanglement.

    What can quantum computers do?
    They may untangle the complexity of molecular and chemical interactions, enable ultra-efficient logistics and supply chains, help us find new ways to model financial data and isolate key global risk factors. They can make machine learning more powerful.
    What do You think about future quantum computers?
    I think they can improve machine learning and save a lot of time and energy on computing complex problem with a lots of data. It is a future of some complex problems.

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  15. 1. What is quantum computing?
    As it was written: quantum computing is computing using quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement. A quantum computer is a device that performs quantum computing [Wikipedia].

    2. How do quantum computers work?
    Quantum computers are different from binary digital electronic computers based on transistors. Whereas common digital computing requires that the data be encoded into binary digits (bits), each of which is always in one of two definite states (0 or 1), quantum computation uses quantum bits, which can be in superpositions of states. Quantum computers are based on qubits, which operate according to two key principles of quantum physics: superposition and entanglement. Superposition means that each qubit can represent both a 1 and a 0 at the same time. Entanglement means that qubits in a superposition can be correlated with each other; that is, the state of one (whether it is a 1 or a 0) can depend on the state of another.

    3. What can quantum computers do?
    Quantum computers would theoretically be able to solve certain problems much more quickly than any classical computers that use even the best currently known algorithms. Quantum systems may untangle the complexity of molecular and chemical interactions leading to the discovery of new medicines and materials. Quantum computers may be able to efficiently solve problems which are not practically feasible on classical computers.

    4. What do you think about the future of quantum computers?
    I’m hopeful but it’s hard to say how it will be. If such a computer will be suitable for home use I will certainly buy it. So far, this technology is mainly used in dedicated tasks and research areas.

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  16. What is quantum computing?
    Quantum computing is a field of study concentrated on the quantum theory. It is based on the principles of quantum theory, which explains the nature and behaviour of energy and matter on atomic and subatomic level. Following the laws of quantum physics, quantum computer will gain immense processing power.

    How do quantum computers work?
    Quantum computing uses qubits instead of bits. A quantum computer maintains a sequence of qubits. A single qubit can represent a one, a zero, or any quantum superposition of those two qubit states.

    What can quantum computers do?
    Theoretically, they are capable of performing tasks with immense processing power.
    What do You think about future quantum computers?
    In my opinion it is a promising idea reducing energy consumption and improving performance of many machine learning models.

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  17. 1. What is quantum computing?
    Quantum computers are powerful machines that are built on the principles of quantum mechanics to exploit complex and fascinating laws of nature.

    2. How do quantum computers work?
    The quantum computer consists of logical quantum gates. Quantum bit called kubit will not have a fixed value of 1 or 0. During the calculations it will be in some intermediate state. The law of probability governs this as is the position of the electron in the atom. Kubit is a quantum superposition of zero and one. A single result of quantum computer calculations will be uncertain. It's important to perform a whole series of calculations and only their average value with a high accuracy will determine the correct result. Kubit carries a lot more information at once than a zero-one bit. Therefore it's able to perform many calculations in parallel.

    3. What can quantum computers do?
    Quantum computers can solve problems faster than standard computers. They could be used to apply the Shor factorization algorithm used to break up numbers into prime factors. In most cases the state of the quantum system is represented by means of a vector in a finitely dimensional Hilbert space (qubit). On the other hand operations carried out are described using unitary matrices.

    4. What do you think about the future of quantum computers?
    Quantum computers have a future. Companies are starting to provide services based on quantum computers, eg IBM Q

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  18. 1. What is quantum computing?
    That is very precise question so I would repeat: Quantum computing is computing using quantum machines.

    How do quantum computers work?
    Quantum computers' are based on qubits

    What can quantum computers do?
    Their potentially can do better work than classic computers. I have heard about their potential.I am not sure are they actually used in any datacenter - probably are present only in scientific centers.

    What do You think about future quantum computers?

    It is seventh article. I would answer precisely but I am not able to predict the future. There was a lot of solutions, which were promising, but past away :). I will wait for a future.


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  19. I'm sorry, this is not my field and I do not want to rewrite the internet.

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  20. Quantum computers quantum physics phenomena to increase of information processing pace. This increase of in fact cumputational power could be used eveywhere where processing large amount of computations make sense like data encryption, probability computation, random forest related problems etc.

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  21. What is quantum computing?
    I think people should start by reading this: https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/02/23/20-mind-boggling-facts-about-quantum-computing-everyone-should-read/#1a1c46c85edb
    Your link is full of information. However, they should be presented in a bit more accessible form.
    How do quantum computers work?
    This question can't be answered in one sentence or even in a very long comment. If I quote this: While conventional computer use binary “bits” (one and zero) as the process for calculation, a quantum computer uses quantum bits, knows as qubits – which can exist in both states simultaneously, as well as many other states in between. Is this a good answer?
    What can quantum computers do?
    Solve Sudoku... Please ask more specific questions.
    What do You think about future quantum computers?
    We are reading about quantum computing since I remember. After 20 years we haven't progressed much. I'm really looking forward to seeing what future brings, but nowadays it's far from being useful.

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  22. To add something to what's already written, i propose switching from square-grid notebooks to circular ones. It's much more fun coloring. ;)

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  23. I guess previous answers for questions 1 and 2 are pretty exhausting, so I won't focus on them. As for question no. 4 the mentioned scientific branch is not progressing as fast as it should, so unless something really great suddently pops out, the future of quantum computers is not very bright. But of course I can be mistaken. I'm no fortune teller.

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  24. 1. What is quantum computing?
    It is the future of computing. It will replace computers as we know them now.

    2. How do quantum computers work?
    It is based on something we call quantum (smallest portion of energy). It is based on phenomenom of quantum physics. It is much more complex than 0/1 state in current computing. Instead of simple bits it uses qubits, they contain much more information than normal bits.

    3. What can quantum computers do?
    4. What do You think about future quantum computers?
    I have problems with answering on those questions. I know that currently we are unable to use those computers for our every day work.
    I’m sure that in future quantum computing it will be used for upgrading AI as we know it know.

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  25. 1. Quntum computing is computing using something like superposition or entanglement.
    2. Quantum computer is using qubits instead of bits. A single qubit can represent a one, a zero, or any quantum superposition of those two qubit states.
    3. Truly, quantum computers just determine the probability of result of the calculation. And they do it realy fast.
    4. Like Piotr said IBM has started its own service based on quantum computers, also Google uses quantum computers so I think there will be another research and inventions in this subject.

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  26. 1. What is quantum computing?

    It's computing done on quantum particles without simulation.

    2. How do quantum computers work?

    Information is encoded into quantum units (qubits), and by applying various quantum effects, results are produced.

    3. What can quantum computers do?

    Solve some (but not all, contrary to what many people seem to think) problems, which are intractable for our current computing approach. But this is not necessarily good - for example it can undermine some cryptographic protocols which we today take for granted - like the Public Key Infrastructure based on the difficulty of large number prime factorization.

    4. What do You think about the future of quantum computers?

    It's like the laser weapons or nuclear fusion energy. To spell it out: this will not leave expensive top-tier laboratories for a few more decades at the least.

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