Monday, 23 April 2018

Week 4 [23.04-29.04.2018] Autonomous vehicle

We know that Tesla, Google, Uber, Nvidia, as well as Chinese Baidu, Honda, Toyota and several other companies are working on autonomous cars. There are also plans for autonomous trucks to automate the transport of goods. The potential benefits of autonomous cars include reduced mobility and infrastructure costs, increased safety, increased mobility, increased customer satisfaction and reduced crime. In particular, a significant reduction in the number of road accidents and the resulting injuries, thereby reducing the need for insurance. Unfortunately, many ethical issues arise during the design of such systems. The recent accident with the Uber autonomous vehicle was widely reported in the public media. Companies such as Uber, Nvidia and Toyota suspended testing their autonomous cars. However, I believe that cars driven by artificial intelligence are the future of transport.

Please read articles and answer questions:

https://spectrum.ieee.org/cars-that-think/transportation/self-driving/uber-robocar-kills-pedestrian-despite-presence-of-safety-driver

https://spectrum.ieee.org/view-from-the-valley/transportation/self-driving/jensen-huang-on-the-uber-tragedy-and-why-nvidia-suspended-testing

1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

58 comments:

  1. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    I think they should be tested in few steps. Firstly in some closed space, maybe special track for autonomous cars, secondly in fake ‘real’ environment, so with some robots walking in places where they shouldn’t and similar. And after than they have to be tested on the streets, because you cannot fake such environment to such extend. Of course there will be accidents there is no way to obey that, but so there are in real life. Sooner of later there must be such test.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?

    I do not think they can replace those performed in the real world. As I said you cannot fake everything, there are people walking in so many different directions and in places where they are not allowed to. There are biked, motorcycles, skateboards, people runnings and so many other possibilities. There are some road constructions and trash bins, road machines or emergency stopping vehicles and tests must take into consideration all of that.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    Probably yes, I really believe that one day and not in a long future our life will remind the one we have seen in The Jetsons. We will fly because it will be cheaper when there will be no roads, since construction and so much new space for building will be needed. Can you imagine how much space would be created if there were no roads? Thats crazy.

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    1. Thank you for your answer, I hope that one day the roads we know now will be only a relic of the past, and travelling will be much safer.

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  2. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    Yes! 100% yes. Without such tests it's very difficult to implement autonomous vehicles for real life. Of course, the first tests should be done in test towns. Only after their positive approval, vehicles should be sent to normal streets. However, it arouses fear of too much will, for data transmission. Only 5G will guarantee a high level of security.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?

    As I wrote earlier (point 1), virtual reality tests will never replace real-world testing. However - here I will repeat - I think that they should first be made in the virtual world, so that they can then be made in the real world.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    Good question. I have the impression that there's such a possibility. However, I think that they will be a great help to people but it will be difficult to replace them. However, the growth of technology that took place in the 20th century and that takes place in the 21st century clearly shows that artificial intelligence can replace human beings faster than we expect.

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    1. Thank you for your answer, I didn't consider it before, but indeed the development of the 5G network could have a big impact on the development of the Internet of Things in the future. I think that such cars also need to communicate with each other in order to better plan the entire traffic.

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  3. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    Yes,of course! This is their destiny, so they should be tested on streets in normal traffic. I think that all simulations can't replace practical test in real enviroment.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?

    As I answered above I think that any simulations couldn't replace test in real world. Simulators can't show all factors which could be unpredictable. More over in simulators author can unwittingly influence the test results.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    That's really hard questions. AI is more powerfull every year. Now is so many unresolved issues with this technology that in nearest 10 years I think that we have no chance for it. If in the future AI start to driving all cars then the human drivers wouldn't be necessary. I don't mind that I can let algoritm for driving my car. It's too dangerous, but technology go further-we will see.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. If in the future artificial intelligence can be installed in most cars, people may be forced to use it, and the drivers will be able to drive only on the racetracks. We will see in the future.

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  4. Ad1
    These cars must be tested under these conditions. The main premise of Artificial Intelligence is that it learns all the time. Therefore, artificial intelligence will be trained during testing. For safety reasons, it is necessary to ensure that a person is present who is able to react to what artificial intelligence does during driving.
    Ad2
    In my opinion, this is not possible. Virtual reality is an algorithm. No algorithm is able to represent all possible variables influencing the behavior of a car while driving. So far, the algorithms have predicted 90% of possible driving behaviour. In the remaining 10% the algorithms may behave randomly.

    Ad3
    If all vehicles are driven by artificial intelligence, yes. The situation will be similar to that of airplane flights. Cars will be controlled by artificial intelligence, while in the case of critical systems, control will be taken over by a human operator.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. I also think that the main factor in learning AI should be strict human supervision, but as Uber's situation has shown, also human can't prevent some accidents.

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  5. Thank you for the interesting article, let me start with the last question. I usually do not like the terms all and none. All - but where, in the world, in highly developed countries, or maybe all except (...). I believe that artificial intelligence is the future that will affect the new model of car transport significantly. In developed countries a big part of the transport will be based on autonomous cars. However, there will still be cars that will be driven by humans. There will remain such areas that will be constantly dominated by traditional cars. One of these areas will be car racing. Testing of control systems should take place under various conditions - initially in closed zones, then in zones with increasing car and foot traffic, as well as railway traffic. In my opinion, in extremely difficult situations there will bad decisions made, but nowadays they are also made…

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    1. Thank you for your reply. You are right, this type of revolution cannot happen everywhere at once. I like the idea of closed areas for car testing, but I think it would be difficult to create them and faithfully represent the traffic.

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  6. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    I think that cars that have passed tests in the laboratory should participate in public tests. Accidents are extremely rare. And the implementation of such cars will improve safety on a massive scale in the future.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    I do not think, although it is a great help and such a test should take place at the beginning. I remember once the case of controlling the F18 Hornet engines in the simulator - it worked perfectly. In the real world, it was never possible to repeat the situation - the reason was the micro differences within the engines.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    I hope :)

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    1. Thank you for your answer. I also think that tests should be carried out on the streets, even if accidents happen, their scale will be much lower than caused by human drivers.

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  7. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    Not at the beginning but after first successful tests they should be tested on the streets. Only in real environment they are able to check how well their algorithms are working. Real world has much more variables than any, even most complex, test track.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    No, I think we are unable to imagine every possibility that can happen during routine drive even from home to store. Similar as in the first question, they are great on start but final tests should always be performed on real streets.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    Yes and no. I think that for everyday drive from home to work or even on holidays, it will replace us (drivers) but a lot of people loves their cars and driving too much to resign from it. I think that AI will never replace drivers in 100%

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    1. Thank you for your answer. Suppose that one day all cars will be combined into one network, and reduce the number of accidents to almost zero. This may lead to the situation that driving a car through AI will be regulated from above. We will see what the future will bring.

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    2. Yes but remember that it do not need to be regulated everywhere. For example in Japan, Nissan GTR has a speed limiter set to 250 km/h. But when the car computer realize (thanks to GPS) that he is on the race track the speed limiter is set off. It can be similar case. Fast and sports cars can have an option to switch AI driver off in the areas where it is allowed

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    3. Of course, if this would happen, there would have to be a zone where the lovers of four wheels could drive on their own.

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  8. 1 Yes.
    2 No.
    3. No.

    I really enjoy this closed-question formula.

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    1. I didn't expect that :) I encourage you to justify your answers. Why do you think such cars should be tested on the street if you don't think that in the future all of them will be run by AI. Do you think that these cars will only be used for certain purposes?

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  9. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    Hi, this kind of cars are present on the streets. Unfortunately car accidents are part of car traffic. I am not sure can we accept Artificial Intelligence, which has to take decision what should be done in critical moment. If it participates in car accident it will be always the source of discussion. People will start looking for source of problem in a code and this solution.

    Process of autonomous cars testing has a lot of stages and it has a lot of regulations and limitations.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?

    No, it can not. First of all people are indispensable part of traffic (they drive, ride bikes, walk). We are not able to model all human behaviours during VR simulations.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    Yes, I think it is true. Maybe car driving license and driver will be required during ride, but AI will be in a future widespread in car traffic.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. It would be good if every critical decision was made by a human, but there is not always enough time for it. These problems often concern moral principles, and it is difficult to find a uniquely good solution.

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  10. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    Of course that this kind of cars should be tested on the streets. Usually you train this kind of cars in very closed closed enviroments (usually after training the network on simulators) like tracks. Also we have to remember circumstances of this accident I think that humans reaction (or lack of it) could be the same or maybe even worse.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    No, I don't think so. Real world is so complex that any virtual reality tests are not able to provide enough test cases for that.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    Yes, I think when all vehicles will be driven by AI and if one car could exchange data with another one this would decreese number of accidents.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. I fully agree with you.

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  11. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    I think they should be tested on the streets after some previous initial tests. At first they should be tested in some artificial environments where most of the daily streets events are simulated. Secondly, they should be tested with a "supervision" on the streets because not everything can be simulated.
    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    I do not think so. They may be very close to real environment but as I wrote above they do not fully represent it.
    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    I don't think that all vehicles will be driven by AI because for some people driving is something they love to do. However we will see more ai vehicles on the streets in a future.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. If we really want to reduce the number of accidents and make all traffic flow smooth, all vehicles should form a network. The question is whether man-driven vehicles will also be on such a network and AI will pay particular attention to this.

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  12. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    Yes, of course, yes, the final testing before the release should be in the conditions of maximum reality. And of course, before the final testing must pass a lot of tests virtual environment. Each product today has a similar testing cycle.
    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    Perhaps, with sufficient technology, in order to immerse the product in the most appropriate environment. But unfortunately, I am not competent in this matter
    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    I am confident that in the future many vehicles will be supported by artificial intelligence. But just do not exclude the fact that there will be people for whom driving will be just a hobby. And I think that the whole world has switched to driving with the help of artificial intelligence, it must take more than a dozen years

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    1. Thank you for your answer. I agree that even if this happens it will not be in the near future, and it will happen in stages.

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  13. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    The training process should be splitted into few parts that involves both virtual and real environments of mixture of them

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    I do not think that is possible with only virtual environment

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    It depends on what time perspective we are talking about like in 10 years rather not, but in few decades this is feasible

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    1. Thank you for your answer. I'm curious how this technology will develop, it is possible that in the next 10 years it will go a completely different direction.

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  14. I heard about this accident not long after it happened, and we have discussed it at work. There was a wide range of opinions, from 'C'mon! And how many people were killed by drivers on the same night?' to 'All the hype around autonomous vehicles is a scam!'.

    I think it's easy to either be to futuristic, and treat the matter like one would a software startup (if a program crashes, the world is mostly fine, but if a vehicle crashes, people will likely die, on top of serious property damage).

    1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    If they are ready, yes. But mass introduction for the unprepared transit system could bring many problems. In my opinion we need some more time to adjust to the situation. The self driving car should gradually evolve out of cruise control (e.g. some "auto pilot" for the freeways, where there is no risk of pedestrians and the behaviors of cars is more predictable).

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?

    No. There should be extensive testing in VR, but the system must also 'hit the streets' to really find out if it's ready for mass adoption. That's why I support street testing, but it requires more responsibility and safety measures. It shouldn't be given to customers who just want to take a nap in a moving car yet.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    It's hard to tell. I think it will be more like the case with manual and automatic transmission - most of the world now doesn't need to worry about gear switching, but there is always an option to do it manually. Maybe there will be separate road systems - where only autonomous or only human-driven vehicles will be allowed.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. In fact, although the first vehicles are already on the road, the development of this technology is still at a very early stage. I will follow with curiosity in which direction it will develop, because it is already very promising.

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  15. It is good that you mentioned about ethical issues -some time ago I was thinking about what would happen if there was a car accident coused by some defect in AI system- who is responsible for such situation - who will be blamed? What if someone would loose his life in such accident? - Sooo...yes - it should be well tested on the streets and in virtual environment. It is hard to say if all vehicles will be automated by AI - I think not.

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    1. Thank you for your reply. In this case, ethical issues must be addressed. At further stages of technology development, this will be a growing problem, which will be very difficult to solve.

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  16. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    I am convinced that there is no better way to check autonomous cars as soon as in real traffic. Unfortunate accidents can always happen. The situation was similar in the case of the tragedy of Uber's car. A man sat behind the wheel and in my opinion he also participates in responsibility for the event.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    No, for sure it’s impossible. I agree with Huang’s statement that VR is going to bridge the gap between actual test driving and the billions of miles they need to experience. Of course it may speed up the tests but it will not replace tests in reality.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    I hope. I dream about a world where cars drive the optimal route, safely and efficiently. I suppose that we will have to wait a long time for a solution that does not involve a human being. At this point, the Jetsons sitcom comes to my mind, where the action takes place in 2060 year. We have 40 years to fulfill the presented technological ideas - who knows...

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    1. Thank you for your answer. We will see what the future will bring, but I have high hopes for this technology.

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  17. 1. No, I am against testing them on the streets. I am definitely not ready neither for a car that “protects” me nor for the one which chooses the safest action. I’d be frighten into any of them. However, it will be very difficult to give up controlling the car’s activities.
    2. In my opinion, it is too early to trust such virtual testing. I wouldn’t now take a risk to sacrifice myself or my family using such car. I think, we simply haven’t tested it enough traditionally and I suppose we have to go through several situations to understand how it works.
    On the other hand, it is not easy to go through process of legal acceptance such vehicles on the roads, because they should be verified very carefully. Acceptance process shall be controlled very precisely to ensure avoiding all unpredictable situations. It is impossible to achieve by “AI verification”.
    3. I don’t think so. Driving is a pleasure and humans will not give it up. This is the main reason, because I believe in the future it will be very safe to use “non-human’s way” driven cars.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. Artificial intelligence is learning all the time. I agree, there is no good way to verify its behavior, because it can behave differently at the time of verification and otherwise after a certain period of time.

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  18. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    I think that autonomous cars should be tested in closed locations. There are various things on the street that we can’t predict. Sometimes only a quick analysis made by a human allows to avoid an accident.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    Virtual tests for sure are helpful in programming scenarios and teaching AI how to respond to them. We can’t predict everything. Human as a driver is sometimes unpredictable and only the other person is able to respond appropriately. After learning in the virtual world it should be tested on the street to check the results of learning.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    Maybe yes. Human is unreliable and often leads to accidents through his stupidity. However, taking the fun out of the drive encourages AI to be an option that is activated on demand.

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    1. Thank you for your reply. Acting on demand is I think a good option as the beginning of the development of this technology. We could see if people really want to use it.

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  19. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    I just wanted to quickly answer "yes, of course", but then I thought a bit of the question. The other interpretation, I hope wrong one, is about testing *exclusively* or *primarly* on the streets. So full answer would be yes, as a final stage of progressively more complex test suites, autonomous vehicles must be tested in real life conditions on the streets.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    By its definition VR would be just some model of real envirionment, and all models are approximations of reality. Good model keeps the complexity that is necessary for simulation or reasoning with, but then the tricky part is specifying which aspects to keep and which to skim over.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    Yes, looking forward far enough, all life will be AI, so yes, all vehicles will be driven by AI :->

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    1. Thank you for your answer. Tests on the streets should be performed, of course after passing the earlier stages of testing for example in VR.

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  20. At some point, such cars must be tested on streets as it's probably impossible or at least very hard (beyond today's capabilities) to perfectly simulate a natural environment in its full. VR has to be designed so it's up to creators to think of every possible case that may influence sensors responsible for gathering data for a steering module. However, as stated in the article number of kilometers driven by autonomous cars is still relatively small. I think that such cars should be tested for a few years more in different locations to cover much more scenarios. Tests should be always performed with an attentive emergency driver.

    I think that it's quite possible that majority of cars will be autonomous in the future. Traffic in cities is getting higher and higher, but cities aren't prepared for that. Maybe autonomous cars are the answer to that problem as they allow for synchronization with other cars thus drive more smoothly. It differently would solve "left lane sheriffs" and "I haven't heard about a zipper method" problems. However, definitely, not all cars will be replaced. After all, driving can be considered an entertainment.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. Only an increasing number of traveled kilometers can provide greater reliability. Maybe not all cars have to be replaced, we need to examine how the ratio of autonomous cars to ordinary ones affects road safety. But it is rather a distant future.

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  21. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    The first answer that came to my mind was "absolutely not", but then I started thinking that one way or another at some point those cars will be used on the streets, so they should be tested in the environment that will be considered their primary environment. I guess it wouldn't be bad if such cars were tested in some closed areas before introducing them to the streets.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?

    Well, for the time being virtual reality tests are still virtual reality tests and they cannot cover all possible real life scenarios, so they cannot replace the ones conducted in the real world.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    I hope not. I don't like the idea of Terminators, Skynets and all that stuff. World run by Artificial Intelligence is a really scary idea to me.

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    1. Thank you for your reply. We have already discussed the subject of closed test zones, it may be a good idea for preliminary tests. However, this can be a difficult logistical challenge to simulate traffic faithfully.

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  22. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    Yes, of course they should be tested. Such tests have been taking place for several years. They are also tested in normal car traffic.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace tests performed in the real world?

    I think that any simulations couldn't replace test in real world. Simulators can't show all factors which could be unpredictable. I think that they should first be made in the virtual world, so that they can then be made in the real world.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    I think that if this happens it will be for many more years than we actually are able to do it technically. This problem touches on other issues than just the technology itself and its disadvantages. I think that we have no chance for it. If in the future AI start to driving all cars then the human drivers wouldn't be necessary. However, I believe that driving a car does not only mean moving out of point. And to point B. but also the pleasure of driving a car.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. I know that driving a car is a pleasure for many people. This may be one of the factors through which the spread of this technology can be very slow.

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  23. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?

    In my opinion such cars should be tested on the streets. Eventually, we want to use them on the streets so why shouldn’t we examine them in the real environment? I think that testing them on any artificial spaces won’t provide the whole spectrum of possible actions. Of course, we can use some kind of simulations to define any possible threats. Nonetheless, we have be prepared for any types of accidents.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?

    I think that they can partially replace those performed in the real world. In the real world people don’t obey regulations like crossing a street anywhere. However, it is very unlikely to test these cars during a tornado or earthquake so simulation is a good idea.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    I think yes, however, I believe that there are many people who just like driving cars. It could be really sad to live in such a synthetic world where any actions are reduced to achieve the goal - to get from A to B.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. There are many people for whom the car is only a means of transport as well as those who like to drive. In the future, we must include this in the design of such systems.

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  24. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    Of course, It's hard to test something like this in laboratories or test tracks. In my opinion, if you won't fail then you can't achieve greatness. Based on history with planes, every crash improves modern planes. People will die, we can only pray that it won't happen often. However, if you compare how many car accidents are committed by drunken drivers then it's a minor problem. With autonomous cars, we can prevent drunk drivers from driving on their own and make our streets safer.
    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    Nope, we can use them as an extension of the real ones. Let's say at the beginning of the course or something. Maybe in the future, we will expand capabilities of virtual reality and make them better to fully replace real tests, but it's a future.
    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    Probably, sometimes it will be very useful. You can reduce traffic jams if cars communicate with each other. You can prevent drunken drivers from driving on their own. In situations like drivers are falling asleep or something autonomous car can take control and avoid a crash. So, I'm looking forward to seeing autonomous cars on our roads. Even though, it will be a long process.

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    1. Thank you for your reply. I hope that autonomous cars in the future will prevent such accidents caused by drunk drivers.

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  25. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    In my opinnion there is no other way to test technical solution than finally put it to reality.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    No it can't. VR will always be a kind of imperfect model describing reality. Probably the problem is in pressure created by investors to implement solution quickly and there is no time to properly prepare real life tests.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?

    I'm sure of that. But I 'm not convinced it will be exactly AI I would rather expect some optimalisation algorithms.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. Interesting observation, we do not really know whether there will be better solutions than AI.

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  26. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    In my opinion testing mentioned cars on the street is essential to guarantee that it will be safe and adequate in the process of using. Of course there is always the posibility that autonomous cars will cause an accident, but this possibility isn’t higher than in case of cars driven by the people. Moreover, as pointed in one of the articles, there can be safety driver in the car who will supervise the process of driving and will react, when the unexpected event will occur. So firstly it would be a good idea to test the cars with such safety drivers and after that test it without one.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    I’m sure that would be a huge mistake. Surely using virtual reality test programmers can prepare many, many different scenarios of accidents which may occur on the streets. But without any doubts I can say that the main reason of the accidents is the human factor, which can’t be completely recreate in the virtual reality. Only by testing autonomus cars on the real streets we can learn how it will react relating to people varied, often unpredictable, behaviours.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    It depends. It is possible that if the autonomous cars become super safety and efficient, it will displace the normal once and it isn’t impossible that in some areas of the world the law will forbid driving cars by people. In that case all vehicles will be driven by AI. But in my opinion a lot of people like driving the cars and will want to do it even if there will be possibility of using autonomous vehicles.

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    1. Thank you for your answer. I also think that tests carried out in VR will be very unreliable, although they may be a preliminary stage. But they certainly can not replace the real street.

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  27. 1. Do you think that such cars should be tested on the streets?
    After last UBER failure (where autonomous car caused death) I think that at least some kind of regulations (not from the government, rather from the AI community) must be provided to ensure, that people who do engineering for the autonomous car have the minimum of required knowledge and follows the state-of-the-art. When I read about this accident I've found that UBER failed in quality assurance in many ways and I am able to admit that the developers there have not sufficient knowledge. Not mention about the supervisor who was steering at the mobile during her job.

    2. Can virtual reality tests completely replace those performed in the real world?
    Because the environment is alive I think that the final proof of concept must be done in-the-wild.

    3. Do you think that in the future all vehicles will be driven by Artificial Intelligence?
    Yes, I hope that the development would achieve this kind of faultlessness that eventually whole traffic would be driven by the AI.

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    1. Thank you for your reply. Supervising by people the process of learning is very important. As you can see on the recording of the accident, the "driver" was not too focused on the road, but he trusted AI, we all know how it ended.

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